Baptisia tinctoria Wild indigo, Horsefly Z. 3-9

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  Campanula portenschlagiana    Dalmatian bellflower  Z 4-8
  Purple, upfacing bells for months in mid to late summer

  Size: 4-6” x 20”
  Care: full sun-part shade in moist well-drained soil
  Native: Northern Yugoslavia
  Awards: England’s Royal Horticultural Society Award of Merit. Top rated for ornamental traits and landscape performance by the Chicago Botanic Garden & Elisabeth Carey Miller Botanical Garden Great Plant Pick.

  Campanula is Latin meaning “little bell.”  In 1629 Parkinson described campanulas as “cherished for the beautie of their flowers.” This species named for one of its discoverers, Franz Edler von Portenschlag-Ledermayer (1772-1822). 1^st described inSystema Vegetabilium 5: 93 in 1819.  Listed in Sanders’ Flower Garden in 1913.

• Lilium speciosum album Showy lily Z 4-9

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  Lilium speciosum album   Showy lily  Z 4-9
  Large, nodding flower heads with recurved petals white, glowing pinkish in August, fragrant.

  Size: 3-4’ x 12”
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  Lilium was named for the Greek word for smooth, polished referring to its leaves. This species introduced to the Europe by Carl Peter von Thunberg around 1777.  Von Thunberg (1743-1828), student of Linnaeus at Uppsala University in Sweden. He made three trips to the Cape of Good Hope 1772-1775 where he collected about 1000 new species, Java and Ceylon (Sri Lanka) 1777 and 15 months in Japan  (1775-1777) where he befriended local doctors who gave him hundreds of plants new to Western horticulture.  He succeeded Linnaeus as professor of medicine and botany at Uppsala.  Knighted by Swedish King Gustav.  L.H. Bailey (1935) highly recommended this lily as “(o)ne of the most beautiful and satisfactory of all lilies, robust, permanent (and) easily grown…”

• Lathyrus vernus Spring vetchling, Spring pea, Spring vetch Z 4-9

  Bushy plants bear showy, red-purple pea-like blooms age to rich purple in March-June. Ephemeral, dying back in August when you can cut it back. Spring gem.

  

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  Lathyrus vernus Spring vetchling, Spring pea, Spring vetch Z 4-9
  Bushy plants bear showy, red-purple pea-like blooms age to rich purple in March-June.  Ephemeral, dying back in August when you can cut it back. Spring gem.

  Size: 12” x 12”
  Care: sun in north to shade in south, moist well-drained soil. Drought tolerant once established
  Native: No. Europe - Siberia
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  Introduced to gardens before 1629.  Parkinson called it “Blew Everlasting Pease.”

• Helleborus niger Christmas rose, Black hellebore Z 5-8 POISON

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  Helleborus niger  Christmas rose, Black hellebore   Z 5-8  POISON
  Outfacing, white, waxy cup-shaped flowers resembling single roses in late winter, evergreen leaves.

  Size: 12-20” x 12”
  Care: part shade in moist well-drained soil Native: rocky places in Europe
  Awards: Received Royal Horticultural Society Award of Merit.

  The name Helleborus is Greek from hellein meaning “to kill” and bora meaning “food” referring to the plant’s poisonous qualities if placed in food.  This species is ancient – known as long ago as 300 BC in Greece where it “purged and cured the mad or melancholicke daughters of Praetus with the roots thereof.” (Parkinson, 1629) Grown in the Eichstätt Garden, the garden of Johann Konrad von Gemmingen, prince bishop of Eichstätt in Bavaria, c. 1600.  In Middle Ages petals thrown on floor to drive out evil and ward off power of witches.  Gerard recommended it for curing poisoned animals. Sorcerers made themselves invisible by tossing the powdered plant in the air.  The German name of Schneerose (snow rose) is perhaps more appropriate.